AI 诊断准确率碾压医生?这篇精读藏着 30 个高考核心词 + 4 个必背句型,错过亏大了!
作者:微信文章前一段时间,AI 看病’上过热搜 —— 微软的 AI 诊断准确率 85%,而医生只有 20%?这事儿不仅颠覆医疗圈,还藏着高考英语的核心考点!
这篇来自顶尖期刊的文章,不仅话题超新(和 2024 年高考英语 “科技与生活” 话题高度重合),里面的 30 个高频词,4个长难句结构,更是近 3 年高考反复考的重点。今天我们边聊 AI 能不能取代医生,边吃透这些必考点!
Can AI Diagnose Patients Better than Doctors?
Medicine has long been regarded as both an art and a science, but Microsoft’s latest AI system, MAI-DxO, suggests that a large part of both can now be replicated by machines.
In a recent study posted on arXiv, Microsoft’s diagnostic AI accurately identified the correct diagnosis in 85% of nearly 300 complex medical cases published in the New England Journal of Medicine—a dramatic improvement over the 20% success rate of 21 general practitioners in the U.S. and U.K.
These cases were specifically designed to challenge clinicians with atypical symptoms and elusive conditions.
Remarkably, MAI-DxO not only outperformed physicians in diagnostic accuracy but also reduced the cost of testing by around 20%.
According to Dr.Eric Topol, this fourfold improvement represents a significant leap beyond prior studies, which typically show much smaller gains.
Crucially, the AI system also documents its reasoning, providing transparency and aiding in clinical training.
Mustafa Suleyman, CEO of Microsoft AI, emphasizes that this approach could democratize expert-level diagnostics globally at minimal cost.
However, experts caution that the use of combined AI models is not entirely new and that regulatory hurdles remain before deployment in real-world clinical settings.
Google’s similar system has shown promise, but like Microsoft’s, it must prove its efficacy outside of simulations.
If validated through real-world trials, such systems could bring high-quality diagnostic capabilities to underserved regions, potentially transforming global healthcare delivery.
让我们来一起学习下这篇高考英语精读,虽然是一篇AI 医疗英语文章,但其中涉及到的知识点还是我们必学的:
🔍 高频考点:
一、高中必备词汇
动词:regard(视为)、replicate(复制)、identify(识别)、publish(发表)、improve(提升)、challenge(挑战)、outperform(超越)、reduce(减少)、represent(代表)、document(记录)、emphasize(强调)、democratize(普及)、caution(警告)、remain(存在)、prove(证明)、validate(验证)、transform(改变)名词:system(系统)、diagnosis(诊断)、rate(比率)、practitioner(从业者)、symptom(症状)、accuracy(准确性)、leap(飞跃)、reasoning(推理)、transparency(透明度)、approach(方法)、expert(专家)、hurdle(障碍)、deployment(应用)、efficacy(有效性)、simulation(模拟)、trial(试验)、region(地区)形容词/副词:latest(最新的)、complex(复杂的)、dramatic(显著的)、general(普通的)、specifically(专门地)、atypical(非典型的)、elusive(难确诊的)、remarkably(显著地)、crucially(关键地)、real-world(真实世界的)、high-quality(高质量的)、underserved(服务匮乏的)
二、高中必备短语
be regarded as(被视为)a large part of(很大一部分)according to(根据)prior to(在…… 之前)aid in(有助于)at minimal cost(以极低成本)caution that(警告……)similar to(与…… 类似)outside of(在…… 之外)if validated through(如果通过…… 验证)bring...to...(将…… 带到……)
三、高考英语从句
定语从句
"Medicine has long been regarded as both an art and a science, but Microsoft’s latest AI system, MAI-DxO, suggests that a large part of both can now be replicated by machines."(that 引导宾语从句,作 suggests 的宾语)
状语从句
"If validated through real-world trials, such systems could bring high-quality diagnostic capabilities to underserved regions..."(if 引导条件状语从句,省略了主语和 be 动词,完整形式为 If they are validated)
四、长难句解析
1. 原句:
"In a recent study posted on arXiv, Microsoft’s diagnostic AI accurately identified the correct diagnosis in 85% of nearly 300 complex medical cases published in the New England Journal of Medicine—a dramatic improvement over the 20% success rate of 21 general practitioners in the U.S. and U.K."
📝 长难句拆解三步法(高考必考逻辑)
(1)找主干:Microsoft’s AI identified the correct diagnosis(AI 确认了正确诊断)
(2)抓修饰:
介词短语:In a recent study(时间状语);posted on arXiv(过去分词作定语,修饰 study)后置定语:published in...(修饰 cases)
(3)破难点:破折号后是同位语,解释 “85% 准确率” 是 “对 20% 的显著提升”a.👉 口诀:先找主谓宾,再拆定状补,符号(破折号、逗号)帮你断句!
b.💡 高考考点:过去分词作定语的用法,2022 年新高考 I 卷语法填空曾考类似结构”2. 原句:
“However, experts caution that the use of combined AI models is not entirely new and that regulatory hurdles remain before deployment in real-world clinical settings.”
拆解步骤:
(1)找主干
核心主谓宾:experts caution that...and that...(专家警告... 和...)
(2) 抓修饰宾语从句
that the use...is not entirely new(第一个警告内容)that regulatory hurdles remain...(第二个警告内容)
时间状语before deployment in real-world clinical settings(在实际临床应用前)
(3)破难点
并列结构:两个 that 引导的宾语从句并列,需注意逻辑关系术语理解:regulatory hurdles(监管障碍),需结合上下文推断含义
高考考点:
宾语从句的并列结构(2024 年新课标 I 卷阅读 D 篇高频考点)术语在语境中的含义推断(2023 年北京卷完形填空重点考查)
3. 原句:
“If validated through real-world trials, such systems could bring high-quality diagnostic capabilities to underserved regions, potentially transforming global healthcare delivery.”
拆解步骤:
找主干:
核心主谓宾:such systems could bring capabilities to regions(这类系统能为地区带来能力)
抓修饰:
条件状语从句:If validated through real-world trials(如果通过真实世界试验验证)现在分词短语:potentially transforming global healthcare delivery(补充说明结果)
破难点:
省略结构:If validated = If they are validated,需补全主语和谓语逻辑关系:条件与结果的因果关联,需在写作中灵活运用
高考考点:
条件状语从句的省略(2021 年全国卷语法填空高频考点)现在分词作结果状语的用法(2024 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷阅读 B 篇重点考查)
4. 原句:
“Google’s similar system has shown promise, but like Microsoft’s, it must prove its efficacy outside of simulations.”
拆解步骤:
找主干:
核心主谓宾:Google’s system has shown promise, but it must prove efficacy(谷歌的系统有潜力,但必须证明效果)
抓修饰:
插入语:like Microsoft’s(像微软的系统一样)地点状语:outside of simulations(在模拟环境之外)
破难点:
省略结构:like Microsoft’s = like Microsoft’s system,需补全比较对象对比逻辑:but 连接前后分句,形成转折对比
高考考点:
插入语的识别与理解(2023 年全国卷七选五高频考点)
转折逻辑关系的把握(2024 年新课标 I 卷阅读 C 篇重点考查)
五、常用句型
"A suggests that B..."(A 表明……)
例:Microsoft’s latest AI system suggests t980-hat a large part of both can now be replicated by machines."A is...a dramatic improvement over B..."(A 比 B 有显著提升)
例:a dramatic improvement over the 20% success rate of 21 general practitioners."Not only...but also..."(不仅…… 而且……)
例:MAI-DxO not only outperformed physicians...but also reduced the cost of testing."If..., such...could..."(如果……,这类…… 可能……)
例:If validated through real-world trials, such systems could bring...
中文翻译
长期以来,医学既被视为一门艺术,也被视为一门科学,但微软最新的人工智能系统 MAI-DxO 表明,这两者的很大一部分如今已能被机器复制。
在 arXiv 平台发布的一项近期研究中,微软的诊断 AI 在《新英格兰医学杂志》发表的近 300 个复杂病例中,准确识别出 85% 的正确诊断 —— 这一比例远超英美 21 名全科医生 20% 的成功率。
这些病例专门设计用于以非典型症状和难确诊病症挑战临床医生。
值得注意的是,MAI-DxO 不仅在诊断准确性上超越了医生,还将检测成本降低了约 20%。
埃里克・托波尔博士表示,这种四倍的提升代表着对以往研究的重大飞跃,此前研究通常仅显示出小得多的进步。
关键在于,该 AI 系统还会记录其推理过程,既保证了透明度,也有助于临床培训。
微软人工智能部门首席执行官穆斯塔法・苏莱曼强调,这种方法有望以极低成本在全球普及专家级诊断能力。
然而,专家警告称,组合 AI 模型的应用并非全新事物,且在实际临床环境中部署前,仍存在监管障碍。
谷歌的类似系统已显示出潜力,但与微软的系统一样,它必须在模拟环境之外证明其有效性。
如果通过真实世界试验验证,这类系统可能将高质量诊断能力带到服务匮乏地区,有望改变全球医疗服务模式。
现实生活中,在看到医生诊断结果上的参数和术语时,你是不是一脸懵
,完全看不懂。这时,你是否尝试用 AI 给你解释下?此时,你是否觉得AI和自己的生活也是息息相关的?
送福利:
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2.“你觉得 AI 会完全取代医生吗?留言区分享你的看法,前 3人送“英语学习资料”。
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